Special Journal of the Medical Academy and other Life Sciences.

WEAK IMMUNITY DURING INSOMNIA

Irina Vasilieva — 2026-09-08

Introduction: Patients with chronic insomnia have immunological abnormalities characterized by a higher incidence of clinical infection. There were significant difference in erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, globulin, creatinine, IgG, IgG/IgM ration, CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD19/CD3 ratio and clinical infection events between the chronic insomnia group and the control group [1-6].

Material and Methods: There was reviewed articles from the last 5 years 2022-2026 & other important scientific matter from database from Google Scholar, Scite - AI, PubMed mentioned such words as: weakened immunity, ragging / bullying, insomnia, chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), Immuno Compromise (IC) CHAOS dissonance, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy (mitophagy), mitochondria, Microcirculatory-Mitochondrial Distress Syndrome, Abnormal/extreme myelopoiesis.

Results: Insomnia is a widespread sleep disorder that significantly affects the quality of life and contributes to immune dysfunction. Growing evidence associates sleep deficiency with immune alteration, which can lead to lower vaccination efficiency. The central nervous and immune systems work closely in responding to external stimuli and pathogens.

Conclusion: Prolonged sleep deprivation was suggested to decrease to decrease the immune response and memory formation, decrease vaccination efficiency and increase the risk of infectious disease. There are high inflammatory profiles in insomnia and extremes of sleep duration. Through disorder Electro-Ion Membrane Distress Syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), Immuno Compromise(IC) CHAOS dissonance, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy (mitophagy), mitochondria, Microcirculatory-Mitochondrial Distress Syndrome, Abnormal/extreme myelopoiesis [7-70].

MOLECULAR PATHOLOGICAL BIOLOGY OF MITOCHONDRIAL CALCIUM UNIPORTER AND VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ANION CHANNELS IN CONTEXT ELECTRO-ION MEMBRANE DISTRESS SYNDROME CHRONIC FATIGUE (CFS/ME)

Irina Vasilieva — 2026-09-08

Introduction: VDACs (s - several channels, plural) are numerous β-barrel proteins in the outer mitochondrial membrane. VDACs maintain electrical and biochemical cellular homeostasis and act as the primary channels for the passage of metabolites such as ATP/ADP, Ca2+ ions, and others, as well as signaling molecules, between the mitochondria and the cytosol, making them particularly important in energy production (energy generators) and apoptosis. With optimal support lysosomal mitochondrial clearance of autophagy, mitophagy (selective elimination of mitochondria).

VDACs, these are membrane proteins embedded in the membrane that open/close in response to changes in the electrical charge on the cell membrane. Converting electrochemical membrane potential (ΔμH)+ and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). The electrochemical potential of a membrane (or proton potential, ΔμH+) is the energy stored in a biological membrane and is composed of the difference in proton concentrations (chemical gradient, ΔpH) and the difference in electrical charges (membrane potential, (ΔΨ). It serves as the main source of energy for ATP synthesis and the transport of substances. It serves as the main source of energy for ATP synthesis and the transport of substances. Also, acting as "electrical switches" in the body, generating and transmitting nerve impulses. Thus, serving as the basis for generating the action potential, "electrical switches" for the electrical impulse, allowing neurons, muscles and the heart to exchange information and contract.

In this context, a relationship with VDACs in paricular of mitochondrial calcium uniporter and voltage-dependent anion channels and the Electro-Ion Membrane Distress Syndrome (syndrome Maria & Irina Vasilieva), chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is demonstrated.

The Electro-Ion Membrane Distress Syndrome, EIMDs (syndrome Maria & Irina Vasilieva) described in 2019 opens up the possibilities of revealing membrane pathology molecular pathological biology. Primary/secondary morphofunctional damage to pores/channels of biomembranes provokes broken to ion-electrogeneration, transduction and transmission of the membrane electric potential (MEP). The biomagnetic field and quantum energy /quantum electromagnetic radiation are also destabilized, as a connecting signal of transmission and amplification pathochemical reactions of a pathophysiological cell. We consider this syndrome as electro-ion membrane distress syndrome, whose disorder generates with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). We also called this syndrome Maria & Irina Vasilieva, as a switch that destabilizes the homeostasis of intracellular and extracellular media due to membrane distress. Immuno Compromise(IC) CHAOS dissonance creates a disorder of electro-storm/electroparalysis of MEP due to cytokines whose disorder install EIMDs and CFS/ME, with diagnostic marker is less deformed red blood cells with a compacted “hard” cell membrane, by determining the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane and the sorption capacity of red blood cells. Standard therapy in surviving critical patients with IC CHAOS dissonance did not provide a stable decrease in CFS/ME, the effect of which was observed after MOST-ELSO, and due to cryo-bio-xeno myelo-timo-spleeno perfusion. This success, of cryotherapy expressed ↓toxic oxygen and nitrogen and heavy water effect of compression and reduction of “synairesis” of proteins, separation of liquid from the gel caused by a reduction in protein due to the release of water from the membrane and the release from of cell membranes and cells deuterium D/²H, “heavy water” which inhibits some cleavage reactions [1-10].

Material and methods: There were analyzed articles from Google Scholar, Scite -AI, PubMed database from the newest resources mentioned such words as: Molecular pathological biology; mitochondrial permeability pore (mPTP); mitochondrial calcium uniporter; voltage-dependent anion channels opening/closing functions; mitochondria; mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm); Electro - Ion Membrane Distress Syndrome; membrane pathology; electrochemical membrane potential or proton potential (ΔμH)+; membrane potential (ΔΨ).

Results: The transition from physiological apoptosis to pathological molecular biology of cell necrosis is caused by disruption of lysosomal mitochondrial clearance of autophagy, mitophagy, and the occurrence of abnormal/extreme myelopoiesis.

VDACs represent a consequence of multiple destructive factors of molecular biological pathology associated with impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Ca2+ levels and damage the open-close function of the mPTP, the MCU, and VDAC. MCU is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that acts as the primary pore-forming channel for calcium ions (Ca2+) to enter the mitochondrial matrix. By regulating mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, it plays a critical role in cellular metabolism, energy (ATP) production, and apoptosis. The mPTP is a large, non-selective protein channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Normally closed, it opens under stress (like calcium overload or oxidative stress) to cause membrane depolarization, mitochondrial swelling, and cell death via apoptosis or necrosis. mPTP and MCU are two different protein structures located in the inner membrane of mitochondria, which control calcium homeostasis and cell death. Immunocompromised dissonance (IC) CHAOS-[C]ardiovascular Compromise: shock; [H]homeostasis; [A]poptosis; [O]rgan dysfunction; [S]suppression of the immune system ICCHAOS provoking Endothelial Disorders and Endotheliosis as predictors of Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome and the development of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome confirmed and microcirculatory-mitochondrial distress syndromes. Where the increased rigidity of cell membranes plays a special role during less deformed red blood cells (erythrocyte) maintained and Abnormal/extreme myelopoiesis, developing acute/chronic systemic cellular hypoxia. Is devoid of flow deformation with a violation of the sigma effect, the Phareus-Lindquist phenomenon, which provides a high degree of erythrocyte deformation in a flow the destabilization of which gives rise to tissue ischemia, Electro-Ion Membrane Distress Syndrome (syndrome Maria & Irina Vasilieva), and microcirculatory-mitochondrial distress syndromes [11-64].

Conclusion: We demonstrated the molecular pathological biology of the membrane mitochondrial calcium uniporter and voltage-dependent anion channels, directly linking them to the electroion membrane stress syndrome (Maria and Irina Vasilieva syndrome). Dysfunctions of the opening/closing functions of the mPTP, MCU, and VDAC.

This disorder, at the level of the molecular pathological biology of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and voltage-dependent anion channels, is considered a serious disturbance of electrochemical membrane potential or proton potential (ΔμH)+; membrane potential (ΔΨ); and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and therefore biomagnetic field and quantum energy /quantum electromagnetic radiation leading to disruption of electrochemical cellular homeostasis. As a result, disorders and connecting signal of transmission and amplification pathochemical reactions of a pathophysiological cel. Energy deficiencies contributing to the development of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS/ME).

Scientific data obtained through the development of pathological molecular biology, a medical-biological pathological discipline that needs to be introduced into medical universities

We demonstrated the molecular pathological biology of the membrane mitochondrial calcium uniporter and voltage-dependent anion channels, directly linking them to the electroion membrane stress syndrome (Maria and Irina Vasilyeva syndrome). Dysfunctions of the opening/closing functions of the mPTP, MCU, and VDAC.

This disorder, at the level of the molecular pathological biology of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and voltage-dependent anion channels, is considered a serious disturbance of electrochemical membrane potential or proton potential (ΔμH)+; membrane potential (ΔΨ); and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and therefore biomagnetic field and quantum energy /quantum electromagnetic radiation leading to disruption of electrochemical cellular homeostasis. Energy deficiencies contributing to the development of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS/ME).

Scientific data obtained through the development of pathological molecular biology, a medical-biological pathological discipline that needs to be introduced into medical universities.

COMPREHENSIVE REPORT: VOLUNTEER COMPANION PROGRAM AT MAPLEWOOD GARDENS LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY

Wong Keong — 2026-09-08

Background: Social isolation is an important concern among older adults in long-term care, particularly residents who receive few or no regular visitors. This project developed and implemented a structured Volunteer Companion Program to promote social interaction through consistent, person-centred companionship.

Materials and Methods: An eight-week program was implemented at Maplewood Gardens Long-Term Care Facility. Residents experiencing social isolation were identified using visitor frequency, self-reported loneliness, and staff observations. Community volunteers were recruited, screened, trained through a two-hour orientation, and matched with residents according to interests, communication preferences, cultural and linguistic considerations, and personal histories. Program outcomes were evaluated using visit records, volunteer feedback, and frontline staff observations.

Results: Eight residents were enrolled, exceeding the minimum target of six, and seven volunteers completed screening and orientation. All eight matched resident-volunteer pairs completed at least one companionship visit, and six pairs completed two visits. Visits lasted 45–90 minutes. Volunteer feedback was positive, while staff observations indicated improved resident mood and engagement on visit days. All six original project objectives were achieved.

Conclusion: A structured volunteer companion program was feasible to implement in a long-term care setting and provided opportunities for meaningful resident social engagement. Future evaluation should incorporate standardized measures of loneliness and well-being to assess longer-term outcomes.

BLOOD PRESSURE SCREENING AND REFERRAL FOR ADULTS AT A COMMUNITY CLINIC

Dillon Clark Tan Sheh Khen — 2026-09-08

Background: Hypertension is a major public health concern and may remain undetected because affected adults often have no obvious symptoms. Community clinics provide an opportunity to identify adults with elevated blood pressure and connect them with appropriate follow-up care. This project aimed to implement and evaluate a standardized blood pressure screening, education, and referral process for adults attending a community clinic.

Materials and Methods: A four-week screening and referral project was implemented among adults aged 18 years and older attending a community clinic. Trained staff and volunteers used a validated blood pressure device, standardized measurement procedures, a screening form, patient education materials, and a referral pathway. Adults with high readings received education and referral instructions. Project outcomes included the number screened, blood pressure categories, referrals provided, and acceptance of referral support.

Results: A total of 56 adults were screened, exceeding the target of 50 participants. Twenty-two (39.3%) had blood pressure readings requiring follow-up: 14 had Stage 1-range readings, six had Stage 2-range readings, and two had very high readings requiring same-day provider review. All 22 participants received referral instructions, and 18 (81.8%) accepted direct referral support. No participant reported emergency warning symptoms during screening.

Conclusion: A standardized blood pressure screening and referral process was feasible within the community clinic setting and successfully identified adults requiring further evaluation. Integrating accurate measurement, brief patient education, and clearly defined referral pathways into routine clinic workflows may strengthen early identification of elevated blood pressure and support preventive care. Continued screening and evaluation of referral completion are recommended.

PERSON-CENTRED CARE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR DIRECT CARE STAFF IN A LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY

Aminath Saeed — 2026-09-08

Background: Person-centred care (PCC) is an important approach to improving the quality of care provided to older adults in long-term care facilities by recognizing residents’ individual preferences, histories, cultures, routines, and personal needs. This project aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate an evidence-informed PCC training program for certified nursing assistants and personal care aides in a long-term care facility. The program was designed to strengthen staff knowledge, attitudes toward resident-directed care, and confidence in applying PCC principles in everyday practice.

Materials and Methods: An eight-week quality-improvement project was conducted in a long-term care facility. The intervention consisted of two structured, interactive training sessions supported by case studies, practical scenarios, participant workbooks, and facilitated discussions. A needs assessment informed curriculum development. Pre- and post-training surveys consisting of 14 items were used to assess PCC knowledge, attitudes toward resident-directed care, and self-reported confidence. Descriptive statistics were used to compare pre- and post-training scores. Forty-one of 47 eligible direct-care staff completed both training sessions, representing an 87% participation rate.

Results: Post-training findings demonstrated improvement across all three measured domains. Mean PCC knowledge scores increased from 58.4% before training to 81.7% after training, representing a 40.0% relative increase. Mean attitudes toward resident-directed care improved from 3.2 to 4.1, an increase of 28.1%. Self-reported confidence increased from 3.0 to 4.3, representing the greatest relative improvement at 43.3%. Staff feedback also indicated greater awareness of resident preferences and increased confidence in applying person-centred practices.

Conclusion: The eight-week PCC training program was associated with substantial improvements in direct-care staff knowledge, attitudes, and perceived confidence. Interactive, practice-oriented education supported by organizational leadership may provide a feasible approach for strengthening person-centred care practices in long-term care settings. Continued training, orientation for new staff, PCC champions, and follow-up evaluation are recommended to support sustainability.

MALAYSIAN HOUSE OFFICERS' MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES: AN ANALYSIS USING A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY FRAMEWORK

Siti Nur Syeriena Binti Mohd Hasnafiah — 2026-09-08

Background: Mental health problems among Malaysian house officers represent an important public health concern because of their potential effects on individual well-being, clinical performance, patient safety, and healthcare workforce sustainability. House officers are particularly vulnerable during the transition from medical school to clinical practice, where they encounter demanding workloads, prolonged working hours, sleep deprivation, workplace bullying, fear of medical errors, and emotionally challenging clinical situations. This study examines major determinants of mental health problems among Malaysian house officers and considers strategies for strengthening psychological support within healthcare settings.

Materials and Methods: This study adopts a literature-based approach incorporating critical analysis and proposes a prospective cohort framework to investigate associations between occupational stressors and mental health outcomes among house officers in Malaysian government hospitals. Under the proposed design, house officers would be recruited at the beginning of internship and followed for 12 months, with assessments conducted at baseline and every three months. Mental health outcomes would be evaluated using validated instruments, including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Results: The reviewed evidence indicates that Malaysian house officers experience substantial psychological challenges, particularly depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. Major contributing factors include excessive workload, long working hours, sleep deprivation, workplace bullying and intimidation, limited organizational support, fear of clinical errors, and difficulties maintaining work-life balance. These interconnected stressors may contribute to emotional exhaustion, impaired concentration, reduced job satisfaction and clinical performance, absenteeism, increased turnover intentions, and potential risks to patient safety. Supportive supervision, mentorship, mental health screening, peer support, anti-bullying measures, and improved working conditions were identified as important approaches to promoting psychological well-being.

Conclusion: Mental health problems among Malaysian house officers require a comprehensive public health and organizational response. Addressing modifiable workplace stressors while strengthening early screening, psychological support, mentorship, supportive supervision, and anti-bullying policies may improve house officers’ well-being and contribute to safer patient care and a more sustainable healthcare workforce. The proposed prospective cohort framework could provide longitudinal evidence regarding the relationship between occupational exposures and subsequent mental health outcomes and inform future evidence-based interventions.