ORGANIZING INTEGRATED CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING AND HPV VACCINATION SERVICES AT A REGIONAL HOSPITAL IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, where it is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women. Despite the availability of effective preventive measures such as HPV vaccination and cervical screening, service uptake remains low due to fragmented delivery systems, limited access, and socio-cultural barriers. This project aimed to address these gaps by organizing an integrated model for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination at a regional hospital in Oyo State, Nigeria. 

Methods and Materials: This capstone project employed an implementation science framework using a mixed-methods approach. A three-month pilot program was conducted at Eruwa General Hospital. The methodology involved stakeholder engagement, development of an implementation toolkit (including training materials and service protocols), and training of healthcare providers. Integrated services were delivered through structured weekly sessions, combining health education, screening using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), and HPV vaccination. Data collection included service registers, client satisfaction surveys, and a focus group discussion with healthcare providers. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. 

Results: The pilot program exceeded its key targets, screening 167 women and vaccinating 47 eligible girls. The VIA positivity rate was 9.6%, with 94% of positive cases successfully referred for further management. Client satisfaction was high, with a mean score of 4.7 out of 5. The integrated model improved service uptake, enhanced provider capacity, and reduced missed opportunities for prevention. Key challenges identified included supply chain inconsistencies, documentation burden, and socio-cultural barriers, which were addressed through adaptive strategies during implementation. 

Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that integrating cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination services within a secondary healthcare facility is both feasible and effective in improving access to preventive care. The model enhances service delivery efficiency, increases client satisfaction, and supports early detection and prevention efforts. This project provides a scalable framework for strengthening cervical cancer prevention programs in similar low-resource settings and contributes to progress toward global elimination targets.