Innovative Approach to Endometriosis: Nanotechnology

Abstract

Endometriosis affects an estimated 190 million women of reproductive age globally, highlighting the urgent need for innovative treatment options due to the limitations of current therapies and diagnostic methods. This study explores the potential of nanotechnology in revolutionizing endometriosis treatment through the comparison of silicon naphthalocyanine (SiNc) and kinase insert domain receptor magnetic nanoparticles (KDR-MN). A retrospective analysis was conducted on these nanotechnologies, focusing on their effectiveness in imaging and thermal ablation of endometriotic lesions. Characterization of nanoparticles was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), while fluorescence microscopy assessed nanoparticle uptake in endometriotic cell lines. The therapeutic efficacy of thermal ablation was evaluated using an alternating magnetic field (AMF) and laser system. In vivo studies involved adult rhesus macaques with advanced endometriosis, with biopsies implanted into SCID mice. Results indicated that SiNc could serve as a single-agent nanoplatform for photothermal therapy (PTT) and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, effectively demarcating lesions and achieving complete eradication within four days’ post-treatment. KDR-MN demonstrated targeted delivery to endometriotic tissues, producing significant negative contrast on MRI and effective thermal destruction at elevated temperatures. Both SiNc and KDR-MN show promising potential for efficient imaging and thermal ablation of endometriotic lesions, underscoring the innovative application of nanotechnology in enhancing endometriosis management. These findings pave the way for future research into targeted therapies that improve treatment outcomes for affected women.